Introduction:

Artificial Intelligence is the new claim to fame of the leading technological industries of the world. The astonishing ability of a computer to perform the tasks possible by humanly intelligence is Artificial Intelligence. AI comprises of activities such as thinking, reasoning, generalizing, and giving meaning by the aid of computers. AI is the imitation of human intelligence by machines significantly the computer systems. Some of the major applications specific to the artificial intelligence are speech recognition or vision machines, expert systems and language processing apps. From the dawn of computer technology, it was noted that these monsters were capable of carrying out difficult tasks like mathematical calculations and playing chess. Slowly and gradually computers have attained proficiency and skill from medical diagnosis of a disease to facial recognition.

Types of Artificial Intelligence:

Artificial intelligence can come under four types. These are reactive machines, limited memory, self-awareness and theory of mind.

1. Reactive machines:

The basic of all AI processing systems are based on simply reacting. They are not capable of learning from past experiences or creating memories. The best example of reactive functions is IBM’s supercomputer chess-playing which won against Garry Kasparov (international grandmaster). However this computer’s skill is limited to choosing possible next moves on a chess board. This form of intelligence functions directly and according to what it pictures. These types of AI functions in computers are specific in nature and cannot be altered or applied to other scenarios. Although reactive machines are trustworthy in nature, thanks to their repetition of the solution, these machines can be easily fooled for lack of information about the world.

2. Limited memory:

Limited memory is the type of AI that has the ability to learn from the past events and apply this knowledge to direct actions in the present. A fine example of limited memory is self-driving cars. These cars observe other vehicle’s direction and speed to direct its own pace. The cars with limited memory have preprogrammed representations that comprise of traffic lights, curves of road, lane markings etc. The limitation of these systems is that the past information is only short-lived and is not saved as human experiences are.

3. Theory of mind:

This type of AI is a glimpse of our future and a major breakthrough from the past artificial intelligence systems. These systems are able to understand other agents in the environment except forming mere representations. These machines are capable of grasping motives and emotions of other entities. In other words these future machines would have the ability of being emotionally intelligent and behave in accordance.

4. Self-awareness:

The ultimate goal of AI is to develop machines that are able to get a representation of their own selves. Artificial intelligence is headed not only towards manufacturing machines that can understand others consciously but also to have consciousness of themselves.

Conclusion:

By understanding the processes carried by machines that are artificially intelligent, one can make their life easier and fast paced without initiating much effort. These four types of machines are our glimpse of the modern world of AI technology.